Door-bell



(No Model.)

' P. SANDERSON.

DOOR BELL.

Patented May 27, 1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT CEEICE.

FREDERICK SANDERSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DOOR-BELL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 428,636, dated May 27,1890.

Application filed January 31, 1890. $erial No. 338,775. (No model.)

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK SANDERSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Door-Bells, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of door-bells whichare attached directly to a door, and are operated by means of apush-button from the opposite side of the door from which the bell issituated.

My objects are to produce a door-bell which is cheaper and more durablethan any heretofore placed. on the market, by a construction whichentirely obviates the use of the ordinary frail springs for operatingthe hammer, and substitute therefor a verticallymoving hammer which inpart is operated by gravity, and in also providing means by which thehammer is movably attached to the vibrating lever which operates it, incombination with a vertically-situated guideway for the hammer, whichguideway is so placed within the gong that it permits the hammer tostrike two direct blows on the gong at a right angle to the surfacestruck for every inward push upon the push-button; also to provide anadjustable connection between the push-b utton and the strikingmechanism, by which the gong can be quickly adjusted to variousthicknesses of doors found in practice, and to provide means by whichthe push-button is always stopped in a normal position without the usualshoulder on the button.

Another object is the introduction of a means for cheaply, quickly, andefficiently attaching the bell to a door by inverting the position ofthe gong in reference to the door as usually applied, and providing aprojection at the back of the gong, at its center, for the purpose of anattachment.

Another object is the application of a cover to the open side of thegong to cover the operative parts, and also to act as an attachment forthe hammer-guideway, as will be hereinafter explained.

A further object is a simplification of all the parts and an adaptationto modern processes of manufacture, so that as an article of trade itcan be placed on sale at a price within the reach of people of verylimited means.

I attain these objects by the construction shown in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a vertical center section of the gong011 line P Q, Fig. 3, showing gong, door, and the hammer andhammer-guide in position, together with the other operative parts inperspective. Fig. 2 is a transverse center sectional view, on line B S,of the gong, Fig. 3, showing door, gong, hammer, hammerguide, andcover-plate for gong, together with the other operative parts inperspective. Fig. 3 shows, respectively, from left to right, inside,side, top, and outside rear views of the gong. Fig. 4Eshows,respectively, from left to right, inside, side, top, and outsideviews of the bell-cover and hammer-guide. Fig. 5 shows detached views ofthe operative parts, with central longitudinal section of pushbutton.Fig. 6 shows views of the construction of the hammer. Fig. '7 is anisometric perspective view showing posts to which the gong-cover isattached, the gong being broken away.

As usually constructed and attached to a door, A is a section of thedoor, which has a round hole B bored through it from side to side.

C is the gong, which in this instance has a cylindrically-shapedscrew-threaded projection D at its rear side at the center. Thisprojection is slotted at E clear through, as shown in the third view,Fig. 3, and the slot E is continued through to the inside of gong C,forming a mortise in the center of the gong, (shown by letter F, Figs.1, 2, and 3.) There are two posts aa (Shown in Figs. 1,2, and 7.) Theseposts standout from the inside central part of the gong Cone on eachside of the mortise Eand the outer ends of these posts are even with theoutside rim of the gong C, Fig. 2. The outside ends of the posts a Cbhave screw-threaded holes I) b, Figs. 2 and 7.

F is the cover-plate of the open side of gong C, and this cover-platehas a tubular proj ection Gr attached on the inside surface, and theposition of the tube iscentral and longitudinal direction vertical, asshown in Figs.

, 2, and 4. Throughout the whole length of the tube is a slot 0, and inthe cover F is another slot longer than the tube G, (first and fourthview, Fig. l,) which slot (1 also cuts into the tube G throughout itslength, but opposite to slot 0.

At (Z d are two raised places on the inside of cover-plate F, throughwhich are two holes e e for screws ff. The outside diameter of the tubeG is the same as the distance be tween the posts (1 u. The cover-plate Fis firmly secured to the posts a. a by means of screws f f which passthrough the holes (2 c r 5 of the cover-plate and into the holes I) I)in the ends of the posts a a.

The sides of the tube G fit closelybetwecn the ends of the posts a a,Fig. 2, so that when the cover-plate is in position, Fig. 2, and

firmly screwed down it cannot have any movement in any direction tothrow the slots 0 0 out of line with the operative mechanism, which willnow be described.

The elbow-lever II, Figs. 1, 2, and 5, is pivoted on a pin 1 Fig. 2, inthe slot E of rear projection D of the gong C.

The short arm i of elbow-lever II is slotted at its lower end, and inthis slot is pivoted on a pin one end of a pitman I. The other end 0 ofpitmanl is threaded along for some distance from the end, and thisthreaded end engages the threaded hole n, Fig. 5, in the center of thepush-button J. The push-button J slides in a hole in the center of theescutcheon K and protrudes on the opposite side of the door from thegong O.

The long arm L of the elbow-leverll is made of small diameter, so as tofit loosely in the slots 0 c of the ham mer-guideway G, through which itpasses and in which it operates, and it is also made of small diameter,so as to have a slight degree of elasticity, as will be hereinafterexplained. The length of the springarm L is such that it extends outthrough the 5 slot 0 of the cover-plate F, as shown in Figs.

1 and 2.

The body of the hammer N (shown in detail in Fig. (l) is cylindrical,and the ends terminate in a hemispherical shape. At the center of lengthand diameterisa slot 0, which is cut entirely through the hammer fromside to side; but the slot is longer on one side than the other, asshown. This slot 0 in the hammer permits the arm L of elbow-lever II to5 5 pass entirely through the hammer, and contacts only at the points 1'of the slot 0, there being clearance both at the sides and ends of theslot. The arm L operates the hammer, and since this arm Lhas amotion onthe seg 6o ment of a circle with the pivotal bolt of the elbow-lever IIas the center, this method of connecting the hammer to its driving-leverI. permits the hammer to move in a straight line with very littlefriction, the lever L sliding through the slot 0 in and out to suit itsvarying length relative to the hammer when making an upward or downwardstroke.

The diameter of the hammer N is slightly smaller than the diameter ofthe tube (ii of the cover-plate F, into which tube the hammer is made toslide vertically by the action of arm L, the hammer striking the bellboth at the top and bottom of its stroke, as will he explained. Thereare shoulders s and s", that form the upper and lower terminus of themortise E, Fig. 1 and first view Fig. ,3, and these shoulders act adouble purpose: first, they are stops to limit the inward and outwardmotion of the push-button .I by limiting the vibratory motion of the armI), and these shoulders s .5", by limiting the stroke of the arm 1., actas fulcrums upon which the spring-arm I. bears when it acts as aretracting-spring to withdraw the hammer N from contact with the gong Cafter the hammer has delivered a blow on the gong C at either the upperor lower stroke, as will he more fully explained.

The gong 0, instead of havingits open side next to the door, as is theease with ordinary d0orbells, is inverted, its convex side being nextthe door, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In the drawings is shown acylindrical projection I), which is threaded, to be screwed into a holeB, bored through the door; but other forms of attachment embodying thissame principle can be employed without changing the principle of thisnew form of attaching the gong of a door-hell to the door. Confiningthis description, however, to this particular device for attaching thegong to the door, it is obvious that by screwing this projection I) intothe hole 13 of the door a thread will be cut in the wood, and when theprojection is screwed in until the shoulder next the bell. is in contactwith the door a perfectlysecure attachment. will be easily and quicklymade without in the least destroying the resonance of the gong C, asshown in Figs. 1 and. 2.

0n the outside of the door is an escutcheon K to cover the hole 13 andto support and guide the push-button J. Before the projection I) isscrewed into the hole 13 the pitman I and push-button J are attached tothe elbowlever ll, and after the attachment of the gong to the door ismade the push-button J will project on the opposite side of the door.The button .I is placed in the hole in the center of the escutcheon, andthe escutcheon is pressed up to the face of the door, and should theouter end of button J' fail to stand even with the outer face of theescutcheon the button can be easily screwed inward or outward, asrequired, on the screw-threaded end of pitman I, until the requiredposition is attained to suit the thickness of the door. Doors varyconsiderably in thickness, so that this means of adjustment saves muchtime 011 the part of the bell-hanger, which of course reduces the costof introducing door-bells of this construction.

To operate this door-bell, the button J is pushed in, which causes itsconnected pitman I to partially rotate the elbow-lever H, the long arm Lpartaking of this motion, and its outer end passing through and beingengaged with hammer N causes the hammer to be lifted Vertically untilthe arm L strikes the upper shoulder 8, Figs. 1 and 7, at the top end ofslot E, when the momentum of the hammer bends the arm L and the hammerstrikes the gong a direct blow, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1.It is obvious that if the arm L is bent over the shoulder s at theinstant the hammer contacts with the gong the elasticity of arm L Willretract the hammer as soon as it has struck, and thus not interfere withthe resonance of the gong. If the pushbutton is instantly released afterbeing pushed in, the gravity of the hammer will cause it to descend downthe tube G, carrying armL with it, until it strikes the gong at thebottom. In

the downward stroke of the hammer the arm L contacts with the lowershoulder s of the mortise E, andthe momentum of the hammer bends the armL over the shoulders as a fulcrum until the hammer strikes the gong 0,when the hammer by the elasticity of arm L is instantly withdrawn andheld away from the gong O in the position shown in Fig.1. Thus it willbe seen that two strokes can be quickly made upon the gong by pressingand releasing the push-button once and a great many strokes made almostinstantly without the usual complication of frail springs and levers,which are bot-l1 costly and subject to frequent repairs.

I claim as my invention 1. In a door-bell, a vertical hammer-guide G,supported by plate F, as shown and described, hammer N, operating insaid vertical guide G, said hammer N having a slot 0, arranged asdescribed, spring-arm L, operating in said slot 0, and elbow-leverH,operating said spring-arm L by pressure on button .I through pitman I,for the purpose described.

2. In a door-bell, the vertical mortise E right through the central partof the gong C and longitudinally through threaded pro ection D, forminga slot E in threaded projection D, elbow-lever H, pivoted and operatingin sa d slot E in projection D, and spring-arm L of said elbow-leverILoperating vertically and longitudinally in said slot E, in combinationwith hammer N, operating in guideway G,pitman I, and adjustablepress-button J, for the purpose described.

3. In a door-bell, the posts a a, attached at their base to the centralinside portion of the gong C, and cover F, attached to the tops of saidposts a a, said posts a a to straddle and fit closelythe outside ofguideway G, in the manner and for the purpose described.

4:- In a door-bell, a vertical hammer-guideway G, secured to cover-plateF, said guide- Way G provided with longitudinal slots 0 and c, hammer N,provided with slot 0, spring arm L of elbow-leverI-I, operating in saidslot 0 and longitudinally in said slots 0 and c of said guideway G, andelbow-lever'H, pivoted and operating in slot E of rear projection D, incombination with pitman I and adjustable push-button J, all operatingfor the purpose described.

5. In a door-bell,a cover F, in combination witha verticalhammer-guideway G, attached to said cover F, said cover F'being securedto posts a CL, said posts a a being secured to the central insideportion of gong O, for the purpose described.

FREDERICK SANDERSON.

W'itnesses:

SELDEN FIsH, JOSEPH A. MILLER.

